Definitions and Examples of Filler Words

A filler word is an apparently meaningless word, phrase, or sound that marks a pause or hesitation in speech. Also known as a pause filler or hesitation form. Some of the common filler words in English are um, uh, er, ah, like, okay, right, and you know. Although filler words may have fairly minimal lexical content, notes linguist Barbara A. Fox, they can play a strategic syntactic role in an unfolding utterance (in Fillers, Pauses and Placeholders, 2010). Examples and Observations Hey, hey, shh, shh, shh. Come on. Be sensitive to the fact that other people are not comfortable talking about emotional disturbances. Um, you know, I am, Im fine with that, but . . . other people. (Owen Wilson as Dignan in Bottle Rocket, 1996) Shirleys Use of Filler Words in Community Pierce: About those filler words of yours. I mean, nobody wants to buy brownies from somebody who says um and like. I have a method for fixing that. Start from the top.Shirley: Okay. These brownies are, uh—Pierce: Uh!Shirley: They, um—Pierce: Um!Shirley: These brownies are delicious. They taste like—Pierce: Like!Shirley: Thats not a filler word.Pierce: Whatever, valley girl.(Chevy Chase and Yvette Nicole Brown in Environmental Science. Community, Nov. 19, 2009) Safire on Hesitation Forms Modern  linguists  led by Leonard Bloomfield in 1933 call these hesitation forms—the sounds of stammering (uh), stuttering (um, um), throat-clearing (ahem!), stalling (well, um, that is), interjected when the speaker is groping for words or at a loss for the next thought. You know that yknow is among the most common of these hesitation forms. Its meaning is not the imperious you understand or even the old interrogatory do you get it? It is given as, and taken to be, merely a filler phrase, intended to fill a beat in the flow of sound, not unlike like, in its new sense of, like, a filler word . . . [T]hese staples of modern filler communication—I mean, yknow, like—can also be used as tee-up words. In olden times, pointer phrases or tee-up words were get this, would you believe? and are you ready? The function of these rib-nudging phrases was—are you ready?—to make the point, to focus the listeners attention on what was to follow. . .   If the purpose is to tee up a point, we should accept yknow and its friends as a mildly annoying spoken punctuation, the articulated colon that signals focus on this. . . . If the purpose is to grab a moment to think, we should allow ourselves to wonder: Why are filler phrases needed at all? What motivates the speaker to fill the moment of silence with any sound at all? (William Safire, Watching My Language: Adventures in the Word Trade. Random House, 1997) Filler Words Across Disciplines Why do some people fill the air with non-words and sounds? For some, it is a sign of nervousness; they fear silence and experience speaker anxiety. Recent research at Columbia University suggests another reason. Columbia psychologists speculated that speakers fill pauses when searching for the next word. To investigate this idea, they counted the use of filler words used by lecturers in biology, chemistry, and mathematics, where the subject matter uses scientific definitions that limit the variety of word choices available to the speaker. They then compared the number of filler words used by teachers in English, art history, and philosophy, where the subject matter is less well-defined and more open to word choices. . .   Twenty science lecturers used an average of 1.39 uhs a minute, compared with 4.85 uhs a minute by 13 humanities teachers. Their conclusion: subject matter and breadth of vocabulary may determine the use of filler words more than habit or anxiety. . . . Whatever the reason, the cure for filler words is preparation. You reduce nervousness and pre-select the right ways to say ideas through preparation and practice. (Paul R. Timm and Sherron Bienvenu, Straight Talk: Oral Communication for Career Success. Routledge, 2011) Pausing Perhaps no profession has uttered more ums or uhs than the legal profession. Such words are a clear indication that the speakers style is halting and uncertain. Eliminate these filler words. The lack of ums and uhs alone can make you sound more confident. And its not hard to do. Just pause. Every time you feel that youre about to use a filler word, pause instead. (Joey Asher, Selling and Communication Skills for Lawyers. ALM Publishing, 2005) Syntax, Morphology, and Fillers Perhaps because English and other western European languages tend to use fillers lacking morphology and syntax (preferring instead pause vowels), linguists have tended to ignore the significance of these forms for syntax. However, . . . we can see that some fillers, especially those known as placeholders, may carry a range of morphological marking, including prototypical nominal marking (gender, case, number) and prototypical verbal marking (person, number, TAM [tense-aspect-mood]). They may also take the morphology appropriate for adjectives and adverbs. In addition, they may occupy precisely the syntactic slot normally occupied by a regular noun or verb . . .. (Barbara A. Fox, Introduction. Fillers, Pauses and Placeholders, ed. by Nino Amiridze, Boyd H. Davis, and Margaret Maclagan, John Benjamins, 2010

Language Between Language And Language - 1680 Words

Language arose out of a need to communicate ideas and commands. Initially it was very basic, but in its current form language is very complex. It a adapted to the changing need of speakers. In this sense, language is a living entity which evolves in response to the changing cultural context in which it exists. Because language evolves in response to culture, the full quality of its meaning is derived from understanding the context in which it takes place. Educators must be aware of the sociocultural nature of language, understanding that language cannot be viewed as stagnant or removed from its context. This has implications for the ways that educators think about, understand and teach language, so that students have an appreciation for†¦show more content†¦Although language today can be seen as far more complex than in the past, due to the growing number of cultural factors influencing it, language has been a social and cultural phenomenon since its inception. The development of language overtime illustrates the relationship between language and culture. To have a holistic appreciation for language and meaning, this relationship must be understood. It is likely that all human languages developed from one single language (Gee Hayes, 2011). As human moved, language developed in relation to the different cultures as they inherited and this led to the creation of the 6,500 languages that exist today, which does not include those which no longer exist (Gee Hayes, 2011). Cultural influence has not only been responsible for the creation of different languages, but has also created differences among the same language within different places. English for example exits in many different forms around the world. The variances in Englishes began to emerge as a result of colonisation. The colonization of America for example, led to the creation of American English, a transformation which took only weeks, as American settlers had to evolve the language to adapt to their new experiences, which British English could not accommodate as the culture in England did not include these American specific experiences and ideas (Crystal, 2013). Variations in language are specific to certain contexts. Understanding language requiresShow MoreRelatedDifferences Between Language And Language887 Words   |  4 PagesA language is a tool that allows the human to communicate with other people, and it sometimes distinguish one another. Some may think communicating with a different language means only people have a different way to convey their ideas, but a language is worth more than people usually consider according to Lera Boroditsky. She researched on the effect of language on human and concluded that the language shapes the human’s conception and one’s identity. Her claim is presented by the two different texts;Read MoreDifferences Between Language And Language963 Words   |  4 Pagesincreasing number of people who are not reall y ‘from’ anywhere, having had a ‘nomadic’ childhood. Trudgill (1999) expresses that a key part to our identity is our accent and dialect. Some people’s regional identity is linked with speaking another language as well as English. Most of us have regional features in the way we speak English. Some upper class people have regionless accents and some mask their regional origins. The majority though, speak in a way which identifies them with a particular placeRead MoreDifference Between Language And Language770 Words   |  4 Pagestheoretical view of difference. She views difference as fundamental and postulates that language as symbolic product produced by humans whose lives are at least in part symbolic confounds the differences between humans. Symbolic language also confounds the differences seen in the intuitions produced by humans. It is her contention that language is the key to understanding difference. She utilizes Nouns, Verbs and language structure as metaphors for understanding difference. She posits that when we searc hRead MoreLanguage Differences Between Language And Language1247 Words   |  5 PagesWhile language deficiency makes some significant points that only specific codes are used by different economical groups, language difference theory raises the point of language variation and the problem is with the way that schools are interacting and valuing the differences among students. It must be noted language difference focus on the difference in a set of language skills held by students of different cultural backgrounds, not a deficient set of language skills as Bernstein had described.Read MoreDifferences Between Language And Language857 Words   |  4 Pages Discussion: Dabrowska’s findings (2008a) with respect to Polish genitives are consistent with the claim that there is variation in people’s linguistic knowledge who speak the same language, since the grammatical rules they use in producing genitives are different from one to another. These findings rebut Roeper’s opinion (2012:293) that the accuracy of the results might only be in the case of â€Å"another grammar is produced†. More than that, Roeper suggests that requires to present â€Å"consistent alternativeRead MoreDifference Between Language And Language Essay1895 Words   |  8 PagesWhat is language? It is often identified as being â€Å"the system of words or signs that people use to express thoughts and feelings to each other† (Language, n.d). Language is how a person communicates, no matter which form is undertaken; whether it is by oral communication, by gestures, by touch or via placing a pen to paper. Therefore, going by this strong definition or ideas of what language is one can state that human’s language is both seen and heard. In conjunction with this idea, it has alsoRead MoreDifference Between Language And Language1854 Words   |  8 PagesThe above statement explains that to understand language, one must learn to view language objectively, without any meaning or context added to the language. This would present the reader or audience with nothing but pure language and with no other meaning or slang that would cause some language to mean something else in a different context. For example, if you were to view language as an object without any social context, then the word ‘book’ is simply a book, a collection of pages that tell a storyRead MoreDifferences Between Language And English Language1228 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican English. Due to these differences, there are instances where we cannot understand each other. Secondly, the relationship between flight attendant/flyer is also affected by social variation. Flight attendants meet people every day that are not from where they are from or the same age as them or the same gender as them. The variation affect the understanding between attendant to flyer. For example, many places call all soda coke. If the flight attendant is not from somewhere that coke is describedRead MoreDifferences Between Two Languages Based On The Languages1370 Words   |  6 PagesSummary The main aim of this report is to highlight differences between two languages based on the program developed for both the languages. A reader-writer program was created in two languages, i.e. JAVA and PYTHON. The program creates 4 threads each of which performs 5 read/write operations to the shared location. These threads simulate a coin flip. If the coin flip results in Heads (H) - Reading from the shared location is performed and if the coin flip results in Tails (T) – Writing to the sharedRead MoreThe Difference Between Human Language And Animal Language Essay1123 Words   |  5 Pagesthink a lot of people often think about do animals know humans’ language? I want to discuss about Do animals have ability to learn language and what is the difference between human language and animal language. Animal might not be able to speak a real language, but they can use certain way to communicate with each other. Language communication can be divided into two forms, which is verbal and nonverbal. Most of animals use body languages to communicate. There are many ways to communicate in nonverbal

The History of Fabrics and Different Fibers

Cloud Literature Review - 2513 Words

1) Project Aim – The aim of this project is to analyze emerging business opportunities of the â€Å"Cloud Computing† business. 2) Purpose- The purpose of the project is to help inform BT’s corporate strategy teams about emerging opportunities for Group Investment. BT would like to understand how different value chains will form around specific socio-economic and technology trends. This will enable BT management to understand in a systematic way which markets and specific propositions BT might be able to enter to grow the business profitably. 3) Objectives- †¢ To make Business and commercial analysis of cloud computing. †¢ To undertake competitors analysis of existing market players. †¢ To explore business case development. †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦It’s worse than stupidity: it’s a marketing hype campaign. Somebody is saying this is inevitable — and whenever you hear somebody saying that, it’s very likely to be a set of businesses campaigning to make it true.† Cloud computing can be preciously defined as â€Å"Large pool of easily usable and accessible virtualized recourses such as hardware, platform, which can be dynamically reconfigured to adjust to a variable load allowing also for an optimum resource utilization this pool of resource will typically exploited by pay per user model in which guarantees are offered by the infrastructure provider by means of SLAs (vaquero et al)†. Three aspects are new in Cloud Computing in term of hardware: 1) Infinite computing resources available on demand, which eliminates the need for users to plan far ahead for provisioning. 2) Up-front commitment can be eliminated by Cloud users where companies can start small and increase hardware resources only when there is an increase in their needs. 3) The ability to pay on a short-term basis as needed (e.g. processors by the hour) and releases them afterwards. To play a role of cloud provider companies need to have already developed strengths. States by Berkeley â€Å"Realizing the economies of scale afforded by statistical multiplexing and bulk purchasing which requires companies toShow MoreRelatedCloud Computing Literature Review1653 Words   |  7 Pages Abstract: Resource provisioning is one of the most challenging problem in cloud computing because of the rapid growth in demand of resources and these resources are allocated according to dynamic nature of application. Unconstraint use of these resources can lead to two major problems i.e. under provisioning and over provisioning. So how to implement resource provisioning is a major concern in cloud computing. In this paper, techniques employed in different research papers are systematically analysedRead MoreThe Risks Healthcare Providers Experience And The Impact Cloud Computing1418 Words   |  6 PagesThe study by Glasberg et al (2014) analyzes the risks healthcare providers experience and the impact cloud computing has in using the new technologies. Focusing on overall risk management, the study takes a holistic approach, where the research focuses both on human and organizational aspects. Using interviews as a form of data collection, the authors categorize risks and assesse s impact from 2 perspectives; supply (S) and information systems (IS) as shown in the table 1 below. Table 1 Risk RiskRead MoreThe Cloud Of Cloud Computing1673 Words   |  7 PagesReview of Literature Cloud Computing Definition The topic of the cloud computing industry and security is broad with far reaching intricacies. Therefore, to narrow the subject, the definition of cloud computing as defined by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) (NIST Special Publication 800-145, 2011) will be used as the foundation for this study. The NIST adopted the (Mell Grance, 2010) cloud computing definition in 2011. (Mell Grance, (2010)) defined cloud computingRead MoreJd Ham. Professor Katherine Johnston. Cse/Ise 300. Literature1571 Words   |  7 PagesJD Ham Professor Katherine Johnston CSE/ISE 300 Literature Review April 18, 2017 Cloud Computing The focus of cloud computing is providing with scalable and a cheap on-demand computing infrastructure with a good quality of service levels. The process of the cloud computing involves a set of network enabled services that can be accessed in a simple and general way. Cloud computing provides with a unique value proposition for any organization to outsource their information and communication technologyRead MoreThe Baseline Theory, And Game Theory1102 Words   |  5 Pagesinvolved before considering a particular strategy (Blonski Spagnolo, 2015). Cloud computing is part of the technologies seen important in the contemporary business context. This, however, is accompanied by many risks and any organization has to determine such risks, and identify who loses and who gains in the undertaken risk. Envisioned Study3 The envisioned study is based on the same idea. For example, if the cloud computing technology violates the health care restrictions, then the organizationRead MoreCloud Computing And The Cloud Essay1543 Words   |  7 PagesThe topic of cloud computing has received great research attention, due to the revolutionary power of the cloud. Researchers have extensively explores thee protocols and dynamics of the cloud, including the challenges that face it. At the same time, researchers have explored portability and interoperability as challenges that inhibit the use of the cloud, by restricting the users to a single service provider. On that note, the researchers have focused on the benefits that are to be expected in theRead MoreHow Does Cloud Computing Affect Company s Business Activities?868 Words   |  4 Pagesauthors were also able to find the following phases assisted companies in the implementation of the Cloud: analysis of the present situation, defining the new set of rules , adjustments to legal frames and choice of a service provider to whom a certain segment of business will be transferred (Davidovic et al., 2015). In addition, the authors were able to determine the different advantages associated with Cloud Computing. The limitations of the study are only 51% of the respondents did not complete theRead MoreThe Cloud Of Cloud Computing Essay1380 Words   |  6 PagesChapter 1: Introduction Cloud computing is one of the most popular and emerging technological advancements in the world f mobile computing, which has change the way people compute in great ways. It offers many opportunities and challenges. This chapter introduces the topic and provides a background overview of the research subject. Introductory Overview of the Topic In the last few decades, the increased capability and accessibility of Internet had resulted in many benefits to the world of computingRead MoreEnterprise Cloud Computing : A Web Based Business Data Management Essay788 Words   |  4 PagesIdentification of the Topic Enterprise cloud computing is a web-based business data management service that shares computing resources to store and deliver business applications and data to users anywhere at any time through an internet connection. Enterprise cloud computing systems uses off-site infrastructure, such as computer networks, software programs, data servers, etc. to automatically update and sync data in order to provide users with current, real-time information without needing to purchaseRead MoreWhat Is Cloud Computing Security?868 Words   |  4 PagesIntro: Cloud computing has been around for over two decades, yet keeps evolving and growing in the scope of services available to businesses. With the allure of pay on demand and instantly scalable resources, cloud computing offers more services online than ever before and that kind of demand drives the need for data security. The scope of this memorandum is to develop a research project on the subject of cloud computing security and specifically the innovative ways developers are trying to secure

The Low-Wage Worker wanting the American Dream Free Essays

What she truly experienced was someone stepping out of her comfort zone into a life that she was not born onto. Again, though, her main idea was to find a job and be able to survive income for expenses. In reality, those working in a low-wage job are just trying to survive, and hoping by the end of the day they have broke even, even though most don’t. We will write a custom essay sample on The Low-Wage Worker wanting the American Dream or any similar topic only for you Order Now In Winter Coat, Terrier Griffith, tells the story of what its like growing up poor and wanting to be different. Griffith states that â€Å"the thing about being poor is that you know what it means to be poor – and there’s always someone poorer than you. (Tea 61 ) Griffith talks about what it was like wearing hand me downs, being in the free lunch program, and other classifications,’ like standing in the free lunch line, that sometime embarrassed her. Her mother wanted her to have a future different than the one she was raising Griffith in. Because of the pressure from her mom, she realizes that â€Å"without the protection economic stability provides, this is no room for failure. She had no room to fail. † (Tea 64) She was raised to take the ‘safe road. Griffith talks about the class of people, especially by what they are wearing, and explains that by comparing the different coats people wear on the train that she rides. She realizes that many peop le continually deal tit wanting the American Dream everyday. â€Å"What about the American Dream, the theory that with hard work and perseverance people can transcend in the class in to which they are born? Want to believe in it, but I don’t. Class is about more than money; its about safety and security, knowing that what you have today, you will have tomorrow. It’s about having faith and feeling safe in the knowledge that when my coat gets worn out, there will be other coats. † (Tea 65) No matter what class people are in, I believe everyone is trying to live out their definition of the American Dream. The cost for this hope can be life hanging. In The Just-Add-Water Kennedy’s and Barbecue Bread Violence, Polyester, starts off her story focusing on the American Dream. Polyester states, â€Å"Fewer than one percent of Americans break out of the class they are born into. † (Tea 67) She goes on to tell about her parents and their dream of class jumping, and how they devote their lives to it. To her parents, the working class neighborhood, where they lived, was only temporary. Her parents wanted better. Even her grandparents wanted better. It was embedded into each generation that you could move higher up in class, with just the right job, the right education, and the right privileges. Her family struggled with this for years. The only purpose of the â€Å"children† was to become rich. When her father landed a job that provided more money, her parents felt that they had fulfilled their dream, the American Dream. Polyester states: â€Å"Their dream for us hadn’t died. Higher education, to my parents, was still a way for their children to jump class†¦ No matter how hard they tried to turn us into just-add-water Kennedy’s, all fifths posturing failed, and so did college. The bottom line was that were lower class, and there was no way we could be any different. (Tea 73) Though the stories are different, the results are the same. Just as Polyester states, very few Americans break out of the class they are born into, though many want to believe its possible. In Rehearing’s journey, she tries to become lower class, but does not succeed. She sets rules and limits, whereas, most lower class don’t have rules or limits, only their basic need is to survive. The lower class tries to make it to make it to the next month, with the hope that tomorrow they won’t need as much. Their dream is that their children will do better than they did, with the hopes that one day, just maybe class can be jumped, if not by them, then maybe their children. When it comes to the relationships of the lower class, look at the relationship Polyester had with her parents. Her parents tried and pushed hard to come out of the class they were in. They tried to fit in, to be different. It was embedded into them by their parents, that they were not worth anything unless they succeeded. This was their reward. Her parents pushed, both them selves and their children. When her father failed, he ‘couldn’t deal with the shame’ and later committed suicide, only apologizing to his parents for failing. To him, to succeed was to be rich; to fail was to be poor. After his death, her family went their separate ways. Polyester’s family was only ‘together’ to become rich, to jump a class. But when life showed them that they couldn’t they didn’t stay together. I don’t think it matters which class you are, if your family falls apart, it was together for the wrong reasons. I look at my own family situation when I read all three of these stories. Grew up in a lower class family. Both parents had to work to make ends meet. We were not the poorest of the poor, but there were times where we had to rely on the DOD pantry to eat or sign up for help at Christmas just to get presents. L, in no means, thought I would ever stay there. My parents never pushed me to be better then they were, but believe they wanted more for my siblings and me. My parents divorced when I was young and both remarried. I lived with my mom and step dad, where money was tight and I wore hand me downs from my cousin. My dad and his wife had a different life. Though both worked, their kids always had new clothes, and the latest video games. They had a new house, where mine flooded every time it rained. I was on the border of lower and middle class. I went on to Bible College, where I pursued a dream of working in children’s ministry. To my father, it was a waste of my time, as I would make no money from it. When was done, I found myself working in a call center, at a low wage job, making just enough to make ends meet. After I was married I became a nanny, barely making minimum Wage and having to pay my own taxes. Now we had one child. My husband and I struggled for years, as he was laid off from his job and then tried to start his own business. There were many health issues that got ignored because we didn’t have health insurance. I tried selling Mary Kay Cosmetics, buying into he notion that ‘I could be rich like her’ if followed the dream Mary Kay laid out for us. The ‘dream’ ended as a business loss, and costing us more, than I had put into it at the beginning. Reading all three of these accounts had me relating to many of the situations the authors found them selves in. Griffith accounts of being poor and wanting to be different, reminded me of when I was younger and use to tell stories of my parents being a pilot or working for the government, just so I could fit in. Though the story wasn’t true, the desire to fit it was deep rooted, and to this day I even find myself wanting to dress icier, and even more up-class, just so the world won’t know I am still lower class. Who is to know that my clothes came from goodwill or a garage sale? Polyester’s parents remind me of my own father, who believes that a stay-at- home mom doesn’t amount to much, and that a college degree really shows what you are worth. My father wasn’t the extreme like Polyester’s father, but am continually asked about how much I make, or when I will graduate. I have been promised many things, as long as I finish my degree, because to him, that is all that matters. As for Rehiring, the people she worked with in err low-wage jobs remind me of myself sometimes, I still don’t think she could ever truly feel the true emotions of what it is like to be in a low class family. Struggling to make ends meet. Would love to switch places with her and see if she could handle the stress that seems to follow when you are a low-class working family. I have dreamed of living the American Dream. To own a home, have good schools for my children to attend, to not worry about how much I spend at the grocery store, or even be concerned when or if the bills will get paid. Want a life where health insurance isn’t an issue, and I’m not living paycheck to paycheck. I have to believe its possible to obtain it, to have hope. How to cite The Low-Wage Worker wanting the American Dream, Papers

IT Infrastructure Architecture

Question: Discuss how you can automate an existing company's method of payment in its IT infrastructure. Identify positive and negative aspects of the selected model in relation to the operational health of an organization. Answer: Enterprise Architecture Enterprise architectures possess a unique feature to assess the alignment of the organization with the operational and managerial levels of the company. It is basically a picture of the future state roadmap in the political, managerial, technological and operational domains. They form the blueprints of systematically defining the current and the desired state of the organization. This architecture forms the one stop solution to many of the IT problems. There are many frameworks and models that are practiced and implemented in the industry each having its own strengths and weaknesses. Some of the major enterprise architecture models are Zachman Framework, Open Group Architectural Framework, Garter Methodology, and Federal Enterprise Architecture (Winter, 2006). There can be use of an independent framework or architecture or blended methodology to adjust with the changes. TOGAF is one of the enterprise architecture that is popularly implemented in the organizations. It has major components as Business Architecture, Application Architecture, Technical Architecture and Data Architecture. All of these elements combine to paint a clear picture of the landscapes of architectures in a way of informed decision making. TOGAF can also be blended with Zachman to over the problems and issues in the field of IT such as complexity, cost, critical information, matching market trends etc. The model is highly beneficial for the development of broad range of IT architectures enabling design and evaluation for the reduction of cost based over the architecture framework. Architecture Development Method is for the process definition of the business needs of the company in a neutral format. This framework also embodies concept of enterprise continuum to reflect range of abstraction in the process of development. It is designed to be flexible so that it may be integrated with the number of other types and models of frameworks of enterprise architecture. The greatest advantage is its easy accessibility and free resource availability (Urbaczewski, 2006). If an organization requires a boundary less information flow then the best model can be TOGAF for implementation of the structures within the enterprises. There can be assurance of the design and implementation procurement specifications as the amount of risk is reduced exponentially. It de-mystifies the architecture developme nt process by adding value and enabling the users to build a genuine system based platform for addressing business needs. It is rich in the technical layers and provides a wealth of reference material in the open framework. There are however, some of the major disadvantages too can be overcome by blending this architecture model and framework with other models. There is a need to strengthen the top three layers of implementation in the TOGAF (Jonkers, 2006) model. Any artifacts used in the model cannot be reused as they are ready made. Also, there are no standard templates provided for the entire domain to implement it in the form of block diagram. Also, it is difficult to learn it in the first go without extensive training. The payment process of the company can be implemented in the IT infrastructure in the form of enterprise resource planning (ERP) system either in the cloud infrastructure or as an independent software solution. It is the cornerstone for back office process management. Automation in the operations of the organization is a much required revolution in the industry. The online payment option is very flexible and feasible which revitalizes the entire organizational process (Pollin, 1999). The electronic payment methods can be utilized in innovation for customers including credit and debit cards, value cards and e banking and innovations enabling online commerce such as smart cards, encrypted credit cards and e checks. References Winter, R., Fischer, R. (2006, October). Essential layers, artifacts, and dependencies of enterprise architecture. InEnterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops, 2006. EDOCW'06. 10th IEEE International(pp. 30-30). IEEE. Urbaczewski, L., Mrdalj, S. (2006). A comparison of enterprise architecture frameworks.Issues in Information Systems,7(2), 18-23. Jonkers, H., Lankhorst, M. M., ter Doest, H. W., Arbab, F., Bosma, H., Wieringa, R. J. (2006). Enterprise architecture: Management tool and blueprint for the organisation.Information Systems Frontiers,8(2), 63-66. Pollin, R. E. (1999).U.S. Patent No. 5,966,698. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

Fine Arts K12 Unit 3 Test Example For Students

Fine Arts K12 Unit 3: Test Whic h of the following describes how Joseph Paxton designed the Crystal Palace? Paxon made the iron structural support visable What characterist of Daguerreotype does Louis Daguerre capture in The Artists Studio? Daguerre captured a great amount of detail, pattern, and texture How does French Artist Rosa Bonheur use Realist conventions in Plowing in the Nivernais: The Dressing of the Vines? She depicts an everyday, contemporary scene without idealization Which statement describes The Gleaner by French realist and nauturalist artist Jean-francios Millet? The figures are painted asa they really appear, with solid shapes and earthy colors What statement best describes American Realist painter Henry Ossaawa Tanners The Thankful Poor? Dramatic lighht and shadow created mood and convincing space in a scene of contemporary life What statement best describes American Realist painter Winslow Homers artistic approach in Prisoners from The Front? Homer based his oil painting on preparatory sketches that he made in the field Which statement best describes French Impressionist Claude Monets approach to painting? monet painted a subject multiple tims, under different lighting and weather conditions What type of subject matter did French Impressionist painters such as Piere-Aguste Renior depict? Vignettes of carefree Parisians enjoying leisure activities How did American artist Mary Cassatt incoperate an impressionist convention in Mother Combing Her Childs Hair? She used loose strokes of vibrant color How did French Impressionist artist Edgar Degas incoperate characteristics of Japanese Woodblock prints in Four Dancers? He cropped figures off the edge of the picture What definition best describes the pointillism technique the french impressionist artist George Seurat use in A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte? placing tiny dots of pure color next to each other on a canvas that blend together when viewed from a distance what statement Best describes French Post-Impressionist painter Paul Cezannes approach to painting? He carefully arranged hos composition using patches of color to show the surface planes of an object How did Post-Impressionist artist Paul Gauguin convey emotion in La Orana Maria by using bold colors and organic lines and shapes How does Wheatfield with crows by Post impressionist artist Vincent Van Gogh show the threat of a coming storm? The paint has short, Slashing brushstrokes in vibrant hues the intensify each other How did Norwegian painter Edvard Munch incoperate symbolist conventions into his painting The Scream? Munch used the figures and the landscape to communicate personal feelings and ideas What is a distinguising feature of Aguste Rodins sculpture Burghers of Calais? Movement and emotion are captured through textural variations How did Louis Comfort Tiffany incoperate a convention of Art Noveau in Magnolias and Irises? Tiffany used curvilinear and organic shapes drwn from the natural world Which sentence best describes the wat that Art Nouveau architect Victor Horta designed the interior space of his building? Horta oversaw every detail, from bainister to stain glass, to ensure a unified effect. Which pair of statements best describe a difference between Reallist and Impressionist paintings? Impressionist painters applied pure color to canvas; Realist painters mixed paint on a palette In what way are these paintings of Impressionist Piere Auguste Renoir and those of Post-Impressionst Vincent Van Gogh similiar? Both paintings have color and brushwork that expresses the artists impression of or emotion about a subject